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【題目大意】托福「整合寫作」試寫：scientific management in factories (文章支持、聽力反對)

【題目試寫】

In this set of materials, the reading passage states the advantages of scientific management in factories, while the listening passage contradicts the information presented in the reading passage.

First of all, based on the reading passage, the author asserts that time-and-motion studies shows implementing scientific management can increase profit. However, the listening passage claims that these researches were waste of time and reduced productivity, and many workers did not want to enter the studies.

In addition, the article indicates that when the factory engaged in this research, it is necessary to retrain low-paid workers. Nevertheless, the lecture points out that these changes are unwelcome because they added a lot of extra work to employees.

Finally, the text mentions that scientific management can decompose the content of the work of high-skilled people, so that low- skilled people can also do part of the work of high- skilled people. Nonetheless, the speech illustrates that high-skilled workers could be unemployed, and high-skilled workers must be wronged for low-paying and low-skilled jobs.

In conclusion, the article and the lecture hold contrary perspectives toward scientific management.